In which scenario may officers lawfully detain an individual based on reasonable suspicion?

Reasonable suspicion is a legal standard that allows officers to detain an individual temporarily based on specific and articulable facts that suggest that a person may be involved in criminal activity. The key component here is the notion of "suspicious behavior" that is observable and can reasonably lead officers to suspect that a crime is about to occur or is currently happening.

When officers observe suspicious behavior directly, it allows them to form a basis for reasonable suspicion. This means that the behavior must be more than just a vague feeling or general discomfort; it should be grounded in something concrete that the officers can clearly articulate. For instance, actions such as looking around nervously, engaging in furtive movements, or other behaviors that are consistent with criminal activity would justify a temporary detention for further investigation.

The other scenarios may not provide a sufficient basis for lawful detention. Being aware of a suspect's criminal history does not automatically justify reasonable suspicion without new, observable behavior suggesting current criminal activity. Matching a profile of criminal activity can be problematic if the profile is based on generalizations rather than specific, suspicious behaviors. Furthermore, an officer's discomfort does not equate to reasonable suspicion unless it is tied to observable actions or circumstances that indicate potential criminal conduct. Thus, the direct observation of