What must an officer be able to do to justify stopping a vehicle?

To justify stopping a vehicle, an officer must be able to articulate that a traffic violation has occurred. This means that the officer should have specific and observable evidence or reasonable suspicion that the driver has violated a traffic law, which serves as a legal basis for initiating the stop. The ability to articulate the violation ensures that the officer is acting within their lawful authority and protects citizens' rights by requiring a legitimate reason for the stop.

Other choices, while potentially relevant to various law enforcement scenarios, do not fulfill the legal requirement necessary to justify a vehicle stop. Predicting a driver's actions lacks the concrete evidence needed for a stop; asking for the driver's identity can happen once a stop has already been legally justified, and requesting a vehicle inspection may not be appropriate unless there is a specific reason tied to a legal violation.